In lesson 12 we learned how to ask someone to do a task politely using -으세요. And touched briefly on using it with the verb 주다 (to give). Show In this lesson we’re going to be revisiting that, and going over the different connotations of using -주세요 vs -아/어 주세요. Now like I said before, “주세요” is probably one of the most common words listeners of kpop and watchers of kdramas tend to hear. Let’s take a look at a couple examples using 주세요 again. 책을 주세요. Please give me the book. These sentences are very straight forward and the meanings are clear. But you’ll notice they’re only used with nouns/objects. Adding -아/어 주세요 to a word stem changes the meaning to so that it
is implied the action is somehow beneficial to you (or whoever the request is for) specifically. Think of it as asking for a polite favor rather than a polite command or request. Now not only are you asking someone to do something, it’s to do something specifically for your sake. -아/어 주세요 is used with verbs. 닫다 (to close): 닫 + 아 주세요 → 닫아 주세요 문을 닫아 주세요. Please close the door (for me). Let’s take look at another comparison example. 빨리 오세요. They could both be translated as “please
come quickly” but the second sentence implies that the action requested will be beneficial to the speaker. So the main difference here is when you do not use 주다, you are simply asking or telling someone to do something, whereas when you use 주다 you are implying the person is doing something for you. 으 irregular verbs With verbs that end in the vowel 으, the 으 is dropped and -어 주세요 is added. 쓰다 (to write): 쓰 → ㅆ + 어 주세요 → 써 주세요 ㄷ irregular verbs For irregular verbs ending in ㄷ, the ㄷ is changed to ㄹ and -어 주세요 is added. 듣다 (to listen): 듣 → 들 + 어주세요 → 들어 주세요 르 irregular verbs Verbs ending in the letter block 르 have the 으 of the 르 dropped and an additional ㄹ is added to the stem before adding -아/어 주세요. 부르다 (to call): 부르 → 부ㄹ → 불ㄹ + 어 주세요 → 불러 주세요 전화번호를 써 주세요. Please write down the phone number. Bonus: To respond to a -아/어 주세요 request, you can use -아/어 줄게요 or to be extra polite, particularly if you’re interacting with elders, co-workers, etc, you can also use -아/어 드릴게요. 드리다 is the “high” form of 주다. 레오: 이 박스가 아주 무거워요. 도와 주세요. We’ll be looking at -을게요 as it’s own grammar point in a future lesson. :) That’s all for today! My
ask box is always open if you have questions. Click here for a Workbook to go along with this lesson. This Lesson is also available in Español,
Русский and العربية Jump to: Vocabulary 주다 = to give Vocabulary Click on the English word to see information and examples of that word in use. You might not be able to understand all of the grammar within the example sentences, but most of the grammar used will be introduced by the end of Unit 2. Use these sentences to give yourself a feel for how each word can be used, and maybe even to expose yourself to the grammar that you will be learning shortly. A PDF file neatly
presenting these words and extra information can be found here. Nouns: The pronunciation of this word is closer to “동뇨” Common Usages: Examples: 그 회사원이 승진을 해서 동료들한테 인기를 얻었어요 저는 오늘 직장동료들과 회식이 있어서 집에 늦게 들어갔어요 사거리 = intersection Notes: 사거리 is an intersection where four roads meet at one point (two perpendicular roads). The word “삼거리” is also possible, which describes an intersection where three roads meet at one point. Common Usages: Examples: 어린이집 = day care Notes: When children in Korea turn four years old, they usually attend an “어린이집” for one to three years. Sometime before they turn eight years old, they will start to attend a “유치원.” When they turn eight years old, they start attending elementary school. At an 어린이집, they will do
some educational activities, but it is more of a day care center. A 유치원 is more focused on education. Common Usages: Examples: 보통 유치원에 가기 전에 아이들은 어린이집에 가요 점점 더 일하는 여성들이 많아지면서 어린이집 수요는 늘고 있어요 유치원 = kindergarten Notes:
When children in Korea turn four years old, they usually attend an “어린이집” for one to three years. Sometime before they turn eight years old, they will start to attend a “유치원.” When they turn eight years old, they start attending elementary school. At an 어린이집, they will do some educational activities, but it is more of a care center. A 유치원 is more focused on education. Common Usages: Examples: 뿌리 = roots Notes: Just like in English “뿌리” can refer to the roots of a plant, or also one’s background Common Usages: Examples: 나무뿌리가 썩지 않게 물을 너무 많이 주면 안돼요 염색을 밝은 색으로 하면 주기적으로 뿌리염색을 해야 해서 귀찮아요 무역 = trade Common Usages: Examples: 턱 = chin Common Usages: Examples: 왼발 = left foot Examples: 왼손 = left hand Common Usages: Examples: 왼손잡이이면 가끔 일상생활을 할 때 불편할 때가 있어요 왼손 오른손 골고루 사용하는 것이 뇌 발달에 좋아요 오른발 = right foot Examples: 저는 특히 오른발이 왼발보다 커서 신발을 살 때 불편해요 오른손 = right hand Common Usages: Examples: 정답을 모르는 사람은 오른손을 올려 주세요 왼손 오른손 골고루 사용하는 것이 뇌 발달에 좋아요 손바닥 = palm The pronunciation of this word is closer to “손빠닥” Examples: 손바닥에 있는 손금에 따라 미래를 예측하는 사람이 있어요 박수를 많이 치면 손바닥에 자극을 줘서 건강에 좋아요 음성 = voice Notes: The word “목소리” typically refers to one’s actual voice, as in the sound that comes out of one’s mouth. “음성” is typically placed before a noun to indicate that the noun is related to “voices.” For example, a voice recognition system in Korea would be called “음성인식시스템” but probably not a “목소리인식시스템” Common Usages: Examples: 요즘에 거의 모든 핸드폰에 음성 녹음 기능이 있어요 핸드폰에 전화를 해서 상대방이 전화를 받지 않으면 음성 메시지로 넘어가요 이마 = forehead Common Usages: Examples: 발가락 = toe The pronunciation of this word is closer to “발까락” Examples: 발목 = ankle Common Usages: Examples: 발목이
얇을수록 신발을 살 때 선택의 폭이 넓어져요 운동을 하다 발목을 다치는 사람이 많기 때문에 꼭 조심해야 해요 엉덩이 = butt Examples: 신체 = body Common Usages: Examples: 감옥 = prison Notes: Korean prisons serve rice with beans a lot so people often say “콩밥을 먹다” to indicate that a person is in prison. Common Usages: Examples: 살인자 박씨는 재판 후에 50년형을 선고 받고 감옥에 갔어요 보통 범죄자들이 감옥살이를 한 후 퇴소하면 일반 사회에 적응 하기 힘들어요 볼 = cheek Examples: 슬기의 볼이 통통하고 귀여워서 매일
뽀뽀해주고 싶어요 프랑스에서는 인사를 할 때 상대방의 볼에 얼굴을 대고 인사해요 제자리 = in the right place Common Usages: Examples: = No matter how hard I try, my English ability is at a standstill (I’m spinning my wheels with English) so I’m really disappointed Verbs: Common Usages: Examples: 제가 외국 사람이라서 이 회사에서 저를 상대해 주고 싶은 사람이 없어요 서비스직은 사람들을 상대해야 하기 때문에 생각보다 힘들어요 미치다 = to go crazy Common Usages: Examples: Adverbs and Other Words: This is the adverb form of the adjective 멀다. Notes: Particles aren’t usually added to adverbs. However, ~에서 is often added to 멀리 to express that something comes from (or is done) “far away.” 멀리에서 is sometimes shortened to “멀리서”.” 할머니가 오늘 멀리에서 오셨어요 = Grandma came from far away today Examples: 너무나 = extremely Examples: 이 일이 너무나 불공평한 걸 알았지만 그냥 받아들이기로 했어요 최초 = the first time in history something is done or occurs Examples: 달에 최초로 착륙하는 사람은 Neil Armstrong이었어요 최초로 하늘을 나는 비행기구를 만든 사람들은 라이트형제예요 초 = beginning of a time period Notes: 초 is placed after an indication of time to indicate that something occurs at the “beginning” of the indicated time period. Common Usages: Examples: 말 = end of a time period Notes: 말 is placed after an indication of time to indicate that something occurs at the “end” of the indicated time period. Common Usages: Examples: 6월 말에 돈을 주세요 = Give me the money at the end of June 결코 = put with negative sentences to stress Examples: 사람들이 제가 거짓말을 했다고 생각하지만 저는 결코 거짓말을 하지 않았어요 For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool. Introduction In the previous lesson, you learned how to give commands using the imperative voice. In this lesson, you will learn how to use 주다 and how it can be used with the imperative voice. In addition, you will learn how to use ~아/어 주다 when an action is done for you. Let’s get started. 주다 = to give 주다 means “to give” and you already know how to use it in a wide variety of sentences when an object is being given. For example: 저는 저의 친구에게 돈을 줬어요 = I gave my friend money When asking/telling/commanding another person to give something to you, you can attach an imperative ending that you learned in the previous lesson. For example, if you want somebody to give you a book, you can attach any imperative form: 그 책을 (나에게) 줘 = Give me that book Other examples: The sentences above only involve objects being given. It is also possible to use 주다 when an action is being done for a person. Let’s talk about this next. Verb stem + ~아/어 주다 By adding ~아/어 주다 to the stem of a word, you can imply that the action is somehow beneficial to you (or whoever the action is being done for); almost as if it were a favor that another person completed. In these cases, not only is the action completed, but it is completed for you (or whoever). For example: 그 선생님은 한국어를 저에게 가르쳤어요 = That teacher taught me Korean Those sentences essentially have the same meaning, but by adding “~아/어 주다” the speaker is emphasizing that the teacher provided some sort of service/favor by teaching you. Many more examples: Notice that ~(으)시 can be added to ~아/어 주다 if the person acting deserves high respect. 엄마가 과자를 내 손바닥에 놓아 주었어 내년 초에 오빠가 돈을 보내 줄 거예요 동료가 그 일을 저에게 설명해 줬어요 할머니가 오늘 멀리에서 와 주셨어요 경찰관은 밖에 있는 미친 사람과 상대해 줬어요 제가 외국 사람이라서 이 회사에서 저를 상대해 주고 싶은 사람이 없어요 선생님은 밤에 우리를 위해 어린이집을 잠깐 열어 줬어요 You learned in the previous lesson how to add imperative endings to words. If you want a person to do something for you, you can first add ~아/어 주다 to the stem of the word and add an imperative ending to 주다. Notice the difference between the following sentences: 빨리 오세요 = Come quick Notice that both sentences essentially have the same meaning. The first sentence is simply a command, but the second sentence (because of the nature of the word “주다”) implies that the desired action is beneficial to the speaker. Almost as if the action is a favor that the speaker would like to happen. Therefore, adding ~아/어 주다 to a stem gives the sentence the meaning of “do __ for me.” This often translates more simply to “Please, …..” For example: 점심을 요리해
주세요! = Please, make me lunch The two sentences above have essentially the same meaning, but a slightly different feel than the following sentences: 점심을 요리하세요 = Make lunch The only difference being that when using ‘주다’ you are specifically asking for some sort of ‘service.’ When you do not include ‘주다,’ you are just telling somebody to do something. However, by saying 주다, you are indicating that the person is doing something for you. Many more examples: 그 책을 제자리에 둬 주세요 = Please put that book back in its place In Lesson 36 you learned about the word 보이다 and how it can be used to indicate that one can see something. ~아/어 주다 is often added to 보이다 to ask for something to “be shown” to somebody. 보여주다 and 보여 주다 (with and without the space) are acceptable. For example: 얼굴을 보여주세요 = Please show (me) your face ————————– 좀 is an interesting word that is commonly used in Korean – especially in speech. One way that it is used is as a shortened version of “조금.” As such, it can replace “조금” in sentences where appropriate, but this is usually reserved for speaking or dialogue in print. For example: 날씨가 좀 추워졌어요 = The weather got a little bit cold It is also common to find “좀” used in imperative sentences. When asking somebody to do something for you, using “좀” makes the request sound a little bit softer. This is almost impossible to translate to English, as its addition simply adds a feel to the sentence. For example: 밥을 좀 많이 주세요 = Give me lots of rice There are other ways to ask for something in Korean that don’t need the imperative mood. For example, you could also say “Can you do this for me?” It would also be appropriate to use “좀” in sentences like this as well. This grammar has not been introduced yet, so I do not want to talk about it here. It will be talked about in Lesson 45. ————————– Using 주다 with Negative Imperative Sentences Just like you learned in the previous lesson, you can tell a person not to do something by adding ~지 말다 to the stem of a word. You can also add ~아/어 주다 after ~지 말다 to have the same effect as described previously. That is, you are asking for somebody to not do something for you. For example: 그것을 말하지 마세요 = Don’t say that Those sentences essentially have the same meaning, but by adding “주다” the speaker is emphasizing that the listener provided some sort of service/favor by not doing the action. Below are many more examples: 수업 시간 동안 자지 말아 주세요 = Please
don’t sleep in class Thank You For… This is where everything starts to come together. You can use the concepts you learned in this lesson, the previous lesson, and in Lesson 37 to say “thank you for….” If you wanted to say, “thank you for listening,” you would have to use multiple concepts. First off, a word: 들어보다 (to listen) By adding ~아/어 주다 to 들어보다, we get: 들어봐 주다, which can be used many ways: 그는 제
말을 들어봐 줬어요 = He listened to me If you add ~아/어서 (because) to 들어봐 주다, you get: 들어봐 줘서… which means something like “because you listen(ed).” If you add “감사하다” (thank you) after ~아/어서, you get: 들어봐 줘서 감사합니다 = Because you listened, thank you (thank you for listening) Okay, one more time. 1) Take a verb: 요리하다 (to cook) It seems really confusing because there are so many concepts wrapped in one sentence. More examples will help you get the hang of it: 열심히 공부해 줘서 감사합니다 = Thanks for
studying hard To make it even more confusing, often times ~(으)시 is added to ~아/어 주다 (because, usually when you are thanking somebody, you are trying to be formal). For example: 이것을 가르쳐 주셔서 감사합니다 = Thanks for teaching that to me And that is why I waited until Lesson 41 to teach you about this concept. There would have been no way that you would have been able to grasp everything I taught in this lesson if I had taught it earlier. It took us so long to get to the point where I was comfortable teaching concepts like ~아/어서 and ‘~(으)시,’ and now we are using both of those concepts together in addition to what you learned in this lesson. Tough stuff, but hopefully you understood everything correctly. Now that you have reached the end of Lesson 41, why not try taking our
Mini-Test where you can test yourself on what you’ve learned in the past 8 lessons. Ready to move on? How about going directly to Lessons 42 – 50, or checking out Lesson 42. Or, |
아어 주세요 grammar - a-eo juseyo grammar
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